Second positivism. Ernst Mach, Avenarius. The subject of deification is man and humanity
Beginning in the mid-19th century, criticism of metaphysics as a set of teachings on the supersensible grew in philosophy. The transcendental was decisively expelled from philosophical systems. If such criticism came from existentially minded authors, it resulted in an emphasis on the significance of the mundane aspects of life; if it came from social philosophers, economic and other intra-social factors were put forward in place of Divine Providence as the driving force of history. And even while preserving the concept of the Divine, it acquired a new meaning: man and humanity became the object of deification.