The initial course of mathematics has its own peculiarities of its structure. The basis of the course is the arithmetic of natural numbers and basic quantities. Then come the elements of geometry and algebra, which, if possible, are included in the system of arithmetic knowledge. However, geometry and elements of algebra do not constitute special sections of the initial course of mathematics, but are organically connected with the arithmetic material.
The main content of the course is arithmetic material, which is introduced concentrically. First, the numbering of the first ten numbers is studied, digits are introduced, and addition and subtraction operations are studied. Then the numbering is expanded to 100, the concept of rank and the positional principle of recording numbers that are subject to decimal dissection are revealed. After this, addition and subtraction of two-digit numbers are studied. Then two new arithmetic operations are introduced – multiplication and division.
The next concentration studies the numbering of numbers within 1000 and examines three digits: units, tens, hundreds. Knowledge of arithmetic operations is summarized and written addition and subtraction techniques are introduced. Then the numbering of multi-digit numbers is studied, knowledge of the local principle of the value of numbers is summarized, and written calculation techniques are studied. In total, the course can be divided into 4 concentrations: ten, hundred, thousand, multi-digit numbers.
Along with the study of numbering and arithmetic operations, quantities, fractions, geometric and algebraic material are studied.