In studying personality and consciousness, modern scientists use analogies with the animal world
Over the past 25 years, psychologists have discovered that personalities cluster around five core traits, called the Big Five. Each person can be described as having varying levels of agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, extroversion, and openness to experience. Contrary to popular belief, people are not limited to specific personality types. Typically, no one is completely extroverted or introverted, or a complete neat freak or a total slob. Although a minority may fall at the extreme ends of the trait, most people fall somewhere in the middle.
Neurolinguists have explained the mechanism of thoughts and inner speech
Inner monologues are considered to be an imitation of overt speech. However, for a long time, the study of inner speech was difficult because people in studies expressed their thoughts in words, even if they were not actually thinking in words. Most thoughts actually happen in the background, without our knowledge, and there is no way to turn these things off. A few years ago, scientists from MIT (USA) discovered that Broca’s area in the human brain actually consists of two sections. One is responsible for speech, the other is activated when solving problems that require serious mental effort. This contradicts the hypothesis that without language there is no thinking.